Combine harvester finance — hire purchase, seasonal repayments, and used machine options
A combine harvester is one of the largest single capital investments most arable farms will make. Getting the finance structure right, particularly around seasonal repayment timing and residual value options, directly affects how the machine impacts your cashflow year after year. Combine harvester finance is a core part of our agriculture finance service, with access to specialist lenders who understand arable farming income and harvest cycles.
Whether you are replacing an ageing machine that is costing more to run than it is worth, stepping up to a wider cut for a growing acreage, or buying your first owned combine after years of contracting, we compare hire purchase, finance lease, and balloon HP across 100+ UK lenders.
Typical costs and what lenders will fund
The combine harvester market in the UK is dominated by Claas, John Deere, New Holland, and Case IH, with AGCO brands also well represented. A mid-range used machine in the 400 to 500 separator hours class, five to seven years old and in good condition, will typically sit between £120,000 and £180,000. Larger and more recent machines from premium manufacturers can reach £250,000 to £350,000 used. New, fully specified combines from the major brands start at around £300,000 and can exceed £500,000 with headers and precision farming options included.
Most lenders will advance 70 to 85 percent of the machine's value, meaning a deposit of 15 to 30 percent is typical for combine finance. The deposit required increases for older machines and where the borrower's credit profile requires additional security. For a good used combine in the £150,000 range, a deposit of £22,500 to £30,000 is a realistic starting point.
Finance terms for combines typically run from 36 to 84 months. Shorter terms have higher payments but lower total interest costs; longer terms reduce the monthly or seasonal commitment but increase the total amount repaid. For a machine that will be kept for seven to ten years, a 60-month agreement often provides a sensible balance, particularly where seasonal repayment profiles are used to bring the peak monthly figure in line with harvest income.
Seasonal repayment structures for combine finance
A combine harvester typically earns its keep in a six to eight week window each summer. Income from harvest, whether from your own crop sales or from contracting, lands in a concentrated period. That reality makes standard monthly finance payments, sized equally across twelve months, a poor fit for the farming cashflow cycle.
Specialist agricultural lenders offer seasonal HP structures where the repayment profile is built around your income timing. A common approach is lower or nil payments from October through to May, when cashflow from the previous harvest may be running down, followed by larger payments in June, July, August, and September when harvest proceeds arrive. Some lenders also allow for quarterly or annual lump-sum payments rather than monthly instalments.
The balloon HP option compounds the benefit of seasonal structuring. By deferring 20 to 30 percent of the combine's value to the end of the term as a lump sum, the regular seasonal payments are reduced further. This is particularly useful in the first few years of ownership, when the machine is newest and the capital outlay is freshest in the farm accounts. The balloon can be paid from harvest income at the end, refinanced, or used as a trade-in figure at a dealer.
Not every lender offers seasonal structures. This is one of the reasons why accessing the specialist agricultural lending market through a broker, rather than approaching a single mainstream lender, makes a meaningful difference to the terms you can access.
New versus used combines: residual value and lender appetite
Combine harvesters hold their value reasonably well for the first five to seven years, provided hours are managed and maintenance is thorough. Lenders in the agricultural asset finance market understand residual values for the main brands and use this knowledge when structuring deals, particularly on balloon HP where the terminal value of the machine underpins the deferred payment.
For used machines, the key factors that lenders focus on are separator hours (not just engine hours), the service history and provenance of the machine, and the condition of key wear items such as the threshing drum, concaves, sieves, and returns elevator. A well-documented service history from a recognised dealer significantly improves fundability. Some lenders will require an independent inspection or engineer's report for machines over seven years old or where hours are above 3,000.
New machines are straightforward to finance, and manufacturer-affiliated lenders sometimes offer promotional rates on specific models. However, a new combine is a very significant capital commitment, and the total cost of ownership over the replacement cycle should be considered alongside the finance cost. We can help you model the numbers for both new and used options before you commit.
Why use a specialist agricultural finance broker
Combine harvester finance is not a product that every commercial lender handles confidently. Many mainstream banks will look at a request for £200,000 of agricultural machinery finance and apply standard commercial lending criteria, which may not account for seasonal income, the asset's well-established residual value, or the specialist nature of the farming operation. The result is either a declined application or an approval on terms that do not reflect what the market can actually offer.
Specialist agricultural lenders, accessible through us, look at the transaction differently. They understand that a combine harvester with documented service history and reasonable hours is a sound piece of security. They know how to structure a seasonal payment profile that works with harvest income rather than against it. And they can move quickly, which matters when you have agreed a purchase price and the seller is not prepared to wait for a bank credit committee.
We present your application correctly, matching the right information to the right lender from the outset. We do not apply to multiple lenders simultaneously and leave multiple hard searches on your credit file. We identify the most suitable lender for your circumstances, structure the application properly, and manage the process through to drawdown. There are no upfront fees for our work.
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Common questions from UK arable farmers arranging hire purchase or lease for their combine.
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